Sugar and Slave Trade Dbq free essay sample

Create and Interpret a table that compare the prevalence of Diabetes Essay

Make and Interpret a table that look at the predominance of Diabetes in the US(age 18+ age balanced Males and Females) Mountain and pacific districts from 2000-2012 - Essay Example The pattern demonstrates that there is common abatement in diabetes throughout the years from 2002 to 2012. The general simple pervasiveness was comparable for guys (Attaining 24.9 percent in 2012) and females (Attaining 17.6 percent in 2012) (National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases 65). Patterns over the various areas in America show likeness in simple commonness for guys and females in the two locales under examination. The pacific area shows even a lower level of diabetes pervasiveness consistently and over the genders. For the most part, the rates diminished from 36.9 percent somewhere in the range of 2002 and 2004, to 27.1 percent by the end of 2012. An outstanding angle between the mountain locale and the pacific area is that less guys get diabetic in the pacific district when contrasted with the mountain area. Nonetheless, the pacific locale despite everything demonstrates an abatement in the pattern over the years for the two genders. Murphy, Sherry., Xu, Jiaquan and Kochanek, Kenneth. Division of Vital Statistics CDC/NCHS, Deaths: Final information for 2010. National essential measurements reports; vol 61 no 4. Hyattsville, MD: NCHS; 2012. Gotten to September 18, 2014 http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/information/nvsr/nvsr61/nvsr61_04.pdf National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases. National Diabetes Statistics Fact Sheet, 2005. Bethesda, MD, U.S: Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health,

23 Networking Tips for Building Effective Relationships

23 Networking Tips for Building Effective Relationships Much of the success of any endeavor â€" be it personal or professional â€" is attributed to relationships. The most productive relationships are almost always the positive ones. If one wants to be popular, he has to have a wide circle of friends and acquaintances. If an organization or team wants to achieve its goals, it has to foster a strong and solid bond among its members.If an entrepreneur wants to succeed in business, there is a need to cultivate relationships with suppliers, contractors, customers, distributors, partners, and other third parties directly and indirectly involved with the business and its operations. © Shutterstock.com | ASDF_MEDIAFor many, though, that is easier said than done. Building relationships and subsequently nurturing them on a constant basis… these are challenges that everyone must overcome if they want to attain their goals. Thus, various techniques and tactics are used in order to establish relationships and nurture them. In business, there is a term for this cultivation of productive relationships. It is called networking.In this guide, we explore 1) what is networking, 2) why it is important for your career, and 3) the most important networking tips to follow if you are interested in building fruitful relationships.WHAT IS NETWORKING?The word “networking” has been used in business so frequently that it is now described as a “socioeconomic activity” involving the meeting of entrepreneurs, professionals and businesspeople in order to form and maintain business relationships. Through these relationships, they are able to recognize or create business opportu nities, and act on them.The most successful businesses are those who have a good standing in the industry, and this denotes a good relationship with those that they do business with. That is not really a stretch, when you consider that people mostly do business â€" and keep doing business â€" only with those that they like and actually trust.Business and social functions are the quintessential venues for networking to take place. Take, for example, an occasion where a large automotive manufacturer is announcing its plans to launch a new car model in the coming year. It won’t come as a surprise to see businesspeople, even from industries other than automobile manufacturing, to be present. Their main reason may be to celebrate with the new plans of the company, but they have another reason for being present in the occasion, and that is to network.Networking is not merely the act of two people exchanging business cards, shaking hands and making a toast while drinking together. It is a far more complex activity, which is why many approach it with caution and a lot of care.IMPORTANCE OF NETWORKINGAdam Small, CEO of the Strategic Business Network, underlined the importance of networking by describing it as the “single most powerful tactic to accelerate and sustain success for any individual or organization”. Author John Maxwell must have been in complete agreement, quoting “your network is your net worth”.But why, exactly, should you network? Why should you choose networking as one of your relationship-building and â€"sustaining tools?Networking provides great opportunities to establish business contacts and referral networks.This is probably the most widely known benefit of networking: businesses network in order to reach more people, generate more referrals and, in the process, increase the amount of business that the company is getting.The good thing about having a business network is that you can be assured that you will be in the company of like-minde d individuals. You, and the others who are also networking and belong in the same network, are there for the same purpose, which means that you are likely to help each other out. Everyone will be working for their mutual benefits.Networking allows you to learn the dynamics within the industry, particularly of the industry that you or your business belongs to.If you are only starting a business, or you are only on your first few days at a new job, you are pretty much a fish out of water. You can only rely on what you were able to research about the industry or about the company, prior to stepping into the fray.Networking allows you to have a learning experience that will make you more prepared and more capable to move forward, either as a business or as a professional.Networking opens doors to a lot of business opportunities.Did you know that many successful businesses today started because of an opportunity that was made possible by networking? A business looking for ways to invest its idle resources is likely to tap into its network to look for other businesses that are thinking along the same lines. They will come together, and invest in a joint venture or another partnership.Let’s make things simpler. An event organizer is putting together a convention where resource speakers on anything IT-related will be on. The problem is that he has been organizing corporate speaking events before, and does not know any IT experts or resource persons. To address that, he taps his network of speakers and experts on corporate matters, asking for help. They, in turn, will look into their respective networks of speakers, where the IT experts are. This is networking at work.Networking is a way for one to stay connected to the community or industry.In business networking, it is not rare to hear the word “connections” being used. You may have often heard this sentence used: “It’s not WHAT you know; it is WHO you know”. In an average world without networking, there is no way that an owner of a small business will be able to get even a 10-minute audience with, say, Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg, to pick his mind and ask for business advice. However, thanks to networking, this gap is bridged, and even new business owners will have the chance to be able to talk to highly influential and brilliant minds.Businesses practice networking to stay “plugged” into a community (the network) and be kept in the loop. A simple analogy will be a playground where five- and six-year-old kids frequent every weekend for a playdate. Those who form a network with the other kids are in the loop, while that odd one or two who prefer to remain on the sidelines, refusing to play with the other kids, are likely the last to know when the next play date will be.Networking is a means to help in the development and flourishing of knowledge resources.Many skills and knowledge are acquired through classes, course works, and actual work experience. But they may also flou rish and be developed further through networking. Take the example of the new business owner earlier. There is no doubt that he will gain more knowledge by spending time and talking with the Facebook founder.Learning is actually more effective and interactive when done through networks, especially since, as mentioned earlier, you will be with like-minded individuals. Engineers will learn from other engineers, just as doctors may gain additional knowledge from other medical professionals.Networking aids in finding new career opportunities and opportunities for professional development.Jobseekers look for open positions in a variety of places: the Yellow Pages, online job boards, social media platforms, and newspapers. But many also look to their networks for career opportunities. They may know someone who works for a company that is looking for a person with his skills and qualifications.Those who are currently employed will also benefit from maintaining a network. Actually, most of them look outside the company for opportunities for professional development, and that can be accelerated by coursing their search through their networks.Read this really helpful slides on business networking.[slideshare id=23575024doc=the5secretsofnetworking-130627085206-phpapp02w=710h=400]NETWORKING TIPS YOU SHOULD FOLLOW1. Set networking goals.You have to have a clear direction, with a specific goal in mind, for your networking. Do you know why you are networking in the first place? Is it to introduce your new business? Is it to obtain support and gain favor from the industry? Is it to acquire knowledge in order to get your business of the ground and oversee its operations very well?There are a multitude of reasons why businesses pay special attention to networking. Know what they are so that it will be easier for you to come up with a plan on how you will carry out your networking efforts.2. Know where to do networking.Businesspeople must be feeling really lucky these days becau se, compared to, say, twenty, thirty, fifty years ago, there are more places, venues and platforms where they can network. It used to be limited only in industry conferences and speaking engagements. However, as networking has evolved, so, too, did the networking hot spots, so to speak.Aside from conferences, meetings, trade fairs and showcases, networking also works very well over the internet, thanks in large part to social media platforms offering a new, modern, faster and easier way to connect. Businesses now make it a point to “build a strong online presence”. That is, in actual fact, a networking move. The most commonly used (and effective) social media platforms used primarily for business networking are Twitter and LinkedIn.3. Understand your target.By “target”, we mean the potential contacts that you want to be in your network. Networking is about meeting the right people, not all the people. Effective networking is more about quality than quantity.Two strategies ma y be at play here:Abundance method.  In this approach, the person tries to connect with as many people as they can. In a room full of people, he is that person who flits from one end of the room to another, talking to pretty much everyone. His objective is to make as many contacts as he can, possibly everyone he comes in contact with.  This method will work only if you are an expert at networking, and you have the ability to leave a memorable impression on everyone that you have met and talked to.Quality relationships method.  This approach is more selective. The networker will choose only several individuals, those they deem to be the best prospects, and approach them. They are more concerned with making a lasting impression on a handful of contacts, instead of rubbing elbows with a hundred.  The advantage of this method is that the networking will be more concentrated or focused. It has higher probabilities of helping create quality relationships.4. Take the first step by reaching out.You should not wait for your potential contact to approach you. Make the first move instead. You can start by being friendly and helpful, offering them any assistance they may need. Or you can simply start by expressing your curiosity about them.In personal circles, they call this “making small talk” and “breaking the ice”. It applies to this situation, too. 5. Manage your time to make way for networking.Businesspeople often chime out that they are too busy running their businesses to go out and mingle. They see this as a waste of time; why should they hang around talking to other people, some of them even competitors or rivals, when he could simply stay at the office and work for hours on end managing business operations?The excuse of not having time to network is just that: an excuse. If you are serious about wanting to build and nurture relationships, then you have to recognize that networking is a must-do. Therefore, you have to leverage your schedule, so that you a re able to set aside more than sufficient time for networking activities.Do not look at this as a waste of time. Instead, treat this as an expense that will soon inure to the benefit of the company, and bring in opportunities and gains.6. Provide as much value as you can.A relationship is a two-way street, and a healthy and productive relationship is one where both parties benefit and receive value. However, in order to receive value, you also have to provide or give value.Before tapping into a network or creating one, and entering a relationship, the business also has to be fully aware of what it has to offer or bring to the table. This is so it can strengthen its position as a contributor to the network, and make it attractive to others.There is a need to add value to the relationship continuously. Your value as a part of the network, and your networking appeal, will diminish or disappear the moment you stop providing or offering value.Provide professional leads. If you heard of a business opportunity, let the people in your network who may be interested in that opportunity know about it. If you heard about a job opening in a company, let the people who you know are qualified know about it. If there is a speaking or writing opportunity, think of anyone in your network who may be interested in those gigs.7. Develop the habit of introducing people and make an effort to connect others.Networking is not just about you connecting with business contacts. It also involves you acting as a bridge or a conduit from time to time, connecting other parties together. By connecting others, you are actually widening your own network.Introducing people can actually be difficult, which is why not everyone is comfortable doing it. However, it is a skill that must be developed and performed every chance you get. Practice makes perfect, and this is one of those times.8. Remember that networking is not just about you.Networking is done primarily so we can benefit from it. We tend to focus on what others can do for us, more than what we can do for them. As a result, we have a tendency to talk more about what we need, what we want, and what we expect. Asking about the other parties’ wants, needs, expectations and opinions suddenly seem like an afterthought.Listen. Just think that the other people in your network are in it for the same reason as you. You want them to listen to your ideas and inputs. Therefore, you should also be willing to be on the receiving end of their ideas and inputs. Listen to what they have to say, just as they listen to you.Ask for their thoughts and opinions. Maybe they need some prodding or a little push for them to open up and share their ideas, thoughts and opinions. Your curiosity will be a point in your favor, because it means you are genuine and authentic in wanting to connect to â€" and keep connected â€" with them.9. Be open-minded.Do not expect your contacts to have the same mindset, outlook or sets of values as you. This i s simply impossible. In fact, you have to anticipate that, at some point, there will be differences in opinions.You have to practice keeping an open mind and have no prejudices. Take into consideration the fact that you cannot expect everyone to be the same. This is an example of “different strokes for different folks”. If you are close-minded and unwilling to accept and get over your differences, you will have trouble moving the relationship forward, or nurturing it to make it productive and successful.10. Personalize encounters as much as you can.Relationships are between human beings, not automatons. Networking is all about interaction and communication, so it is important that the approach is as personalized as possible.Meet with them in person. It could be for a cup of coffee or a full meal. Whatever it is, you have to be there in person. You will know when a business takes networking seriously when they allocate funds for travel, sending their representatives off to other cities and even countries to represent the company and network.Sending emails is another way for businesspeople to connect with their contacts. When this is your mode of communication, make sure the message is personalized and directed to the recipient. Refer to them by their name, and check that the message specifically targets them. Even when you send them links, personalize them by explaining why you are sending the links to them specifically. 11. Re-introduce, remind, check in, and follow up.One of the main reasons why some fail to build a network and develop a relationship with other businesses is the lack of follow-through. It is foolish to think that, once you have met, shared a drink or two, threw around ideas together, and generally hit it off, everything’s already set in stone.Remember that networking is also like a game, and there are a lot of players. If you stop playing even before the game has even started, then there is no way you will win, and the other players wil l move on ahead, leaving you eating their dust.Reintroduce.  It is a fact that not everyone’s memory is sharp, and they may easily forget about you a few days after you connected. That’s fine. You should actually expect it, considering how they may be dealing with so many contacts at one time. What you can do is to make sure to re-introduce yourself. You have to give a subtle reminder on who you are, how you connected and where and when you connected.  This is especially true if it is a contact you haven’t kept in touch with for a while. Before starting off giving them an update of what you have been to, and what you are currently up to, you might want to reintroduce yourself first. Otherwise, they would be wondering who you are, readily giving information to a stranger.Remind and reinforce.  Connect with key relationships periodically. You need to remind them that you are still around, and that you want to forge a business relationship with them. There is no standard for how often or how long the intervals will be between connections. For some businesses, it is enough to connect and reconnect on a quarterly basis, while some may deem that they should keep in more constant contact.Check in.  Even if you do not have a particular reason for contacting one of your connections, you should still check in from time to time. You can do this by sending a short note. Say hello. Ask them how they are doing. Inquire how they are doing, or how a recent project has progressed. You may also let them know what you’ve been up to. It may be simple, short and sweet, but it will do the trick.12. Give them some space.You should definitely give them some breathing room. Contacting them too much, too often, is not really a good idea. Why?You do not want to seem like a stalker and disturb them, even when they are doing something personal and not related to business. Worse, they may even find your excessive familiarity offensive.You do not want to come across like you are not doing anything other than networking. You are supposed to run a business or hold a job. If you are constantly contacting them, or rubbing elbows and doing networking every time they see you, they would think that you are unprofessional.This is inefficient, on your part. You may be focusing too much attention on one contact, to the point of stalking them, when there are other contacts that you are ignoring, but are equally beneficial or helpful.Do not call them too often, and when you do call them, pick the hours. Calling them in the middle of the night or in the early hours of the morning is very unbusinesslike, not to mention rude and impolite. Do not bombard them with messages, emails or links, either, because if you overdo it, they just might leave your messages unopened and unread.13. Remain visible.If your networking action plan involves you popping up only when there are events for networking, and then staying low and unseen the rest of the time, then that is not considered n etworking at all. Make sure that your presence is known.That is why you have to make subtle reminders every now and then. Do not disappear then appear at intermittent periods. You know what they say: “out of sight, out of mind”. If your contacts do not see you or hear from you, they are more than likely to forget you.14. Improve your products and services.This is probably one of the most important tips, and it makes sense, too. There is no use if you have excellent people and communication skills, and you work the room like a pro when it comes to networking, if you do not have quality to back it up.For example, you are in the business of formulating and developing medicines. You are also known for your superior networking skills. However, your company has been receiving a lot of criticism and facing a lot of problems due to defective drugs being sold in the market, with some of them even causing grave side effects.Your strength in networking will easily be overshadowed by the po or quality of your products and services. You have to focus first on delivering value to customers so that you will have a stronger base for your networking activities.15. Build and maintain a good business reputation.A good business reputation goes hand in hand with maintaining good relationships. A business will have a difficult time connecting with other businesses and contacts if it has a bad reputation, because who would want to be associated with someone with a tarnished name and image?In contrast, a company that is reputable and pretty much loved by the public will have higher chances of making lasting connections and building and nurturing strong networks and relationships.16. Network in all directions.You have to diversify. If you are a senior manager, do not limit your networking to other senior managers or people holding the same position. If you are running a living care facility, do not limit your networking only to hospices and other similar facilities. Expand your rea ch by focusing your efforts to the healthcare industry as a whole.Diversification will be to your advantage. Networking is supposed to widen or broaden your reach, after all, and keeping it within tight confines defeats its very essence.17. Ask for help in networking.You may find yourself at a loss on what to do when networking, or even how to get started. That’s a normal reaction, especially for those who are venturing for the first time out of their comfort zones. Businesspeople that don’t have prior experience interacting with different people and personalities are especially going to find it difficult.There is nothing wrong in asking for help or assistance in networking. In fact, you may also use it to your advantage, because the person you ask for help may be the first contacts that you will have in your network.Make sure you build a rapport with your newly meet business relationships. 18. Say thanks and congratulations.Just because everyone is benefiting from the network d oes not mean that there is no longer a need to be grateful. Saying “thank you” is basic human courtesy, but it is also an effective tool for maintaining relationships. Fortunately, thanks can be conveyed in more than one or two ways. Aside from vocalizing it out loud, sending thank-you notes and gifts are just as effective.Similarly, milestones should also be remembered as much as you can. Send a greeting card on the birthday of the CEO of a business, or a bouquet of flowers when his wife gave birth. This will manifest that you also view them as human beings, not just as business partners who will benefit you. It is also a way to demonstrate that you keep tabs on them, and not just when you need something.If your business contact landed a lucrative business deal, congratulate them. If your professional contact got a promotion, let them know you are happy for them. You may also take that opportunity to catch up with them and even update them on what you’ve been up to lately.19. Think long-term.Do not build relationships thinking that it will only last as long as the next six months, at least until the current business plan you are working on is fully launched.You have to aim to make long-lasting connections. The beauty of networking is that, when done right, it is an excellent tool to ensure that connections remain for a very long time.20. Document networking efforts.Keep detailed records of all the activities that you performed in line with your networking plans. Not only will this help you monitor your progress, it is also a good way for you to track if there are contacts that you have not kept in touch with recently.21. Manage yourself.When you are networking, you automatically become the face of your company or your brand. You are effectively representing them, so that your brand or company will be immediately identifiable with you. Make a favorable or good first impression, but make it a point to make a good impression every single time.Be presentabl e. It’s like when you are going in for a job interview or attending an important business meeting where you have to make a good impression.Make eye contact, and maintain it. Let them feel that you are really communicating to them. Smile. Do not drive them away by looking gloomy or depressed. Speak clearly, so you can get the message across more clearly.22. Practice the Golden Rule.The Golden Rule says to “do unto others as you would have them do unto you”. In the context of networking â€" and in business relationships, in general â€" you should relate to others as you would like others to relate to you.23. Make networking a habit.Make networking a part of your lifestyle. Do not do it only when you are going to start a new business, or you are looking for a promotion or a career change. Relationships take time to begin, develop, and flourish. It is not something that is created overnight.In the same vein, networking does not gain immediate results. Lasting connections, especial ly those that last a lifetime, take a lot of effort and work, and they certainly also take a lot of time. Therefore, it is a good idea to practice networking in your daily lives, be it personally or professionally.

All Things Being Equal Essay - 1062 Words

All Things Being Equal Most of us have heard Martin Luther Kings I Have a Dream speech, or part of it, at some point in our lives. In 1964, one year after the speech was given, Lyndon B. Johnson signed Executive Order 11246, which signaled the birth of affirmative action. Affirmative action refers to efforts to increase educational and employment opportunities for minorities and women. In November, 1997, California voters did away with affirmative action [at the state level] by passing proposition 209. They were convinced that it was no longer needed, that it gave minorities and women special rights. Governor Pete Wilson wrote in 1996 as part of his campaign against affirmative action: Let me be clear: we havent yet fully†¦show more content†¦We are struggling over crumbs because we know that the bigger part hs been received by the elites in corporate America. (Brunk 331) An example of this fighting over crumbs is the California proposition 209. White people felt they were not getting jobs, scholarships, into college, because the jobs, scholarships, etc., were being given to less qualified people of color. Some people of color were also against affirmative action because they didnt feel like they made it on their own accord but were hired or admitted to college, etc., because of their skin color and not because of their merits. This inferiority complex is shared by Richard Rodriguez, an American essayist and teacher. According to the biographical sketches in Literacies, Despite his academic success, Rodriguez left the university partly because he was uncomfortable with advantages he felt he received because of his minority status. (Brunk 697) To understand affirmative action we must look back in history. 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An Air Of Controversy Regarding Laws Promoting Personal...

There is an air of controversy concerning laws promoting personal and social responsibility and individual freedom. After all, there is a dire need for social change in a society that is becoming ever more self-centered and materialistic. This social change might come from laws that encourage some sort of responsibility. For example, in Texas, a future policy for social responsibility could be a ban on texting and driving. Personal responsibility policies could be limits on welfare benefits and childhood immunization requirements. While a welfare reform would ease the burden of taxpayers and bans on texting and driving and requirements of immunization would protect society from harm, these policies encourage quite a bit of debate. Basically, it is difficult to enact laws that are for the benefit of society as a whole without interfering or restricting individual freedoms, and vice versa. In the modern day and age, there are many groups who either demand to keep their rights protected , like minority groups, or emerging groups that want legislation passed to protect their rights, like the homosexual community. Of course, there is nothing wrong with these rights, after all, the basic foundation of democracy guarantees equality. However, the problem arises, as Lloyd put it, when society becomes â€Å"selfish† and â€Å"materialistic†- focusing only on â€Å"lack of rights† and creating a moral dilemma that is slowly ruining society. Haskins broadens this by defining personal responsibility asShow MoreRelatedBusiness Law Essay1983 Words   |  8 PagesIndividual Role and Functions of Law Paper | Resource: Case Brief Cipollone v. Liggett Group, Inc., et al. in Ch. 2, section 2-6, â€Å"Commerce Powers,† of the textWrite a 700- to 1,050-word paper in which you define the functions and role of law in business and society. 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Top Pay for Top Performance Free Essays

Bates, S. (2003). Top pay for top performance. We will write a custom essay sample on Top Pay for Top Performance or any similar topic only for you Order Now HR Magazine. Berglas, S. (2006). How to keep A players productive. Harvard Business Review. 1. Bates argues that in order to keep top performers satisfied and productive, there should be a substantial difference in the variable pay or merit-based salary increases that top performers and poor performers receive. Based on the available research (which is mentioned in the article), how big of an increase is needed to â€Å"catch anybody’s attention†? (1 point) . Assume that you were hired last year to work in HR for a large corporation. The corporation hired one of your classmates at the same time. Each of you were paid $40,000 in your first year on the job. You are one of the top performers in your company. Your classmate is an average performer. Your boss explains to you that finances are tight because of the recession, and that there is not a lot of money set aside for merit increases. However, your supervisor wants to reward your hard work. Thus, he/she gives you a 4% salary increase compared to your classmate’s 2% increase. (2 points) a. In dollar amounts: i. How much of an annual gross increase did you receive? ii. How much does this amount to per week? iii. How much of an annual gross increase did your classmate receive? iv. How much does this amount to each week? v. How much more than your classmate do you get paid each week after the raises go into effect? b. How motivated are you to continue to perform at a high level? 3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of implementing a variable pay system that is linked to performance? (2 points) 4. Sometimes, the best performers are not motivated by money alone. What is it that some A players want in terms of compensation? (1 point) 5. What does Berglas recommend for keeping â€Å"A players† productive? (1 point) 6. Combine the recommendations from these two articles and create a compensation package for top performers and average performers. You may be creative, but your package should be realistic and should be motivating. (3 points) How to cite Top Pay for Top Performance, Essay examples

The benefits and Disadvantages of Undertaking refurbishment Projects Essay Example For Students

The benefits and Disadvantages of Undertaking refurbishment Projects Essay Assignment 1 – Introduction This paper is based on the below scenario ( CEM 2013a: 695 ) : We will write a custom essay on The benefits and Disadvantages of Undertaking refurbishment Projects specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now ‘A big Korean developer is to construct an extended office and retail composite on the Bankss if the River Thames near Canary Wharf in London. The proposed development country contains many heritage edifices, some of which have been maintained to a high criterion. The local authorization topographic points conservation high on its agenda.’ This paper is divided into three parts. The first portion of this paper ( Q1 ) discusses pros and cons of refurbishment undertakings with those of new physique in the context of the above scenario. The 2nd portion of this paper ( Q2a ) analyses typical users’ demands on a big sum of energy in the new composite. The last subdivision of this paper ( Q2b ) discusses ways in which energy demands in edifices can be reduced and alternate resourced. Q1 The pros and cons of renovation The pros of renovation Planing and legislative benefits: There are probably more planning and legislative restraints on the new physique development, compared to a renovation development in the country that contains many heritage edifice. The local authorization may put preservation high on its docket. CIOB ( 2011: 1 ) provinces that: ‘the UK authorities has placed particular accent on the retrofitting and renovation of the UK’s bing domestic and non-domestic edifices, as this attack is deemed to keep the greatest potency for cut downing CO2 emanations in the short to medium term.’ Harmonizing to English-Heritage ( 2014 ) , if the proposed development is in a preservation country, which designated for its particular architectural and historic involvement, extra planning controls will use in the country, in footings of more restrictive permitted development rights, for new physique and destruction plants. Besides, the local occupants and environmental groups are likely to oppose a ‘new build’ development, compared to refurbishment, in such heritage country. They may be able to detain or barricade the planning blessing through appealing to the local authorization, so to the planning inspectorate, and eventually to the high tribunal for a judicial reappraisal. Refurbishment undertaking may obtain important be aftering benefits in relation to auto parking demand and permitted development densenesss every bit good as the load of Section 106 understandings may be avoided ( GVA 2010 ) . Through recycling the bing edifices, legal issues, such as party wall and right of light, can be minimised. New physique undertaking require more considerations on the party wall issues, peculiarly it involves digging plants near to and below the foundation degree of neighbours’ edifices and construct on or at the boundary of two belongingss. Besides, the proposed new constructing needs to take into history ‘right of light’ issue, which neighbours have right for a flow of visible radiation to their window non to be obstructed by the new edifice. Shorter development period: The renovation undertaking requires a shorter development period than a new physique undertaking. If alterations of bing constructing structural and infrastructural are non necessary, the renovation plants are by and large much less that than that with destruction, site clearance, and building of new edifices ; Besides, the renovation plants are likely to hold clip nest eggs at pre-contract design and planning phases ( CEM 2013 ) . Based on a ‘construction continuance calculator’ by Constructing Cost Information ( BCIS ) , the estimated building continuance for a new physique and renovation undertaking in London ( assumed at ?10million contract value ) are as follow (Appendix A) : New physique, office, ?10million: 54 hebdomads building continuance Refurbishment, office, ?10million: 45 hebdomads building continuance Fiscal benefits: Planning, legal, destruction, waste disposal, and building costs, are lower in renovation undertaking, compared to a new physique undertaking. As discussed earlier, there will be less planning and legal issues on a renovation undertaking and therefore lower associated costs. Demolition, waste disposal and building costs are lower in a renovation undertaking, due to the reuse of bing edifice stuffs and structural. Constructing Cost Information ( BCIS ) indicates that mean UK undertaking cost ( in ?/m2 gross internal floor country ) for rehabilitation or transition and new physique developments in 2014 ( Quarter 1 ) are as below (Appendix B) : Rehabilitation or transition mix commercial developments: ?1,072/m2 New build mix commercial developments: ?1,320/m2 .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061 , .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061 .postImageUrl , .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061 , .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061:hover , .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061:visited , .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061:active { border:0!important; } .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061:active , .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061 .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc7443d93647731cbdd825c46369e2061:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Is Physical Force a Justifiable Method of Punishing Children? Sample EssayThe renovation undertaking besides offers fiscal benefits, such as ( CEM 2013 ) : Lower rising prices hazard on edifice costs due to shorter contract continuance Lower finance costs due to shorter development period A phased renovation will enable business of parts of an bing edifice remain while renovation plants are carried out, and hence perpetuating income for the proprietor. Besides, the shorter contract period in the commercial renovation undertaking means that the null period is shorter and therefore the client can gain gross from it at an earlier phase ( CEM 2013 ; GVA 2010 ) . In the UK, revenue enhancement alleviation in signifier of capital allowances offers the renovation undertaking fiscal benefits such as 150 % of the sum outgo on remotion of asbestos and other harmful stuffs from the bing edifice set against nonexempt income for the first twelvemonth, and 8 % composing down allowance on insularity of bing edifices ( Constructing 2014 ) . Refurbishment offers one of the highest degrees of revenue enhancement alleviation, with potentially 60 to 80 % of a project’s entire outgo measure uping for one class or another ( GVA 2010 ) . Environmental benefits: The renovation of heritage edifices offers architectural and historic advantages ; in many respects this represents a alone stock in footings of design and character ( CEM 2013 ) . For illustration, one of the advantages of the Battersea Power Station undertaking in London, which involved a Reconstruction of the iconic chimneys as portion of the renovation undertaking, is to maintain the alone individuality and genuineness among London developments ( BBC 2013 ) . There were more than 800 luxury flats of the undertaking, which worth more than ?675 million, sold out within yearss, partially due to its alone landmark and individuality ( The-Guardian 2013 ) . This implies that well-converted or reconstruct historic edifices can pull higher market values. Compared with new edifice undertaking, the renovation is a more eco-friendly and energy-efficient development option because it uses less resources and compose fewer wastes, and later lend to sustainability through bettering the bing edifice stock public presentation. Despite these eco-friendly and energy-efficient characteristics are non presently a strong influence on belongings purchasers ( Plimmer et al. 2008 ) , it may assist the development company to better its corporate repute in the market place through renovating the heritage edifices. The cons of renovation Appendix A – BCIS estimation building continuance for new physique and renovation undertaking, at ?10 million, in the UK New Build, Construction The estimated building continuance from Start on Site to Construction Completion is54 hebdomads( this is an norm for the undertaking as described below ) . The 90 % assurance interval for this estimation is 52 to 57 hebdomads. Individual undertakings will take more or less clip than the norm: the 90 % anticipation interval for single undertakings is 34 to 85 hebdomads. The estimation is based on the undermentioned undertaking inside informations: Contract value: ?10,000,000 at 1Q 2014 ( 238 ; prognosis ) monetary values and Greater London ( 117 ; sample 51 ) degree Constructing map: Offices Procurement: Design and construct Choice of contractor: Single phase tendering Client administration: Private Renovation, Construction The estimated building continuance from Start on Site to Construction Completion is45 hebdomads( this is an norm for the undertaking as described below ) . The 90 % assurance interval for this estimation is 38 to 52 hebdomads. Individual undertakings will take more or less clip than the norm: the 90 % anticipation interval for single undertakings is 23 to 82 hebdomads. The estimation is based on the undermentioned undertaking inside informations: Contract value: ?10,000,000 at 1Q 2014 ( 238 ; prognosis ) monetary values and Greater London ( 117 ; sample 51 ) degree Constructing map: Offices Procurement: Design and construct Choice of contractor: Single phase tendering Client administration: Private ( Beginning: BCIS 2014 ) Appendix B – BCIS estimation undertaking cost for new physique and renovation undertaking in the UK ?/m2 survey Description: Rate per M2 gross internal floor country for the edifice Cost including front matters. .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798 , .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798 .postImageUrl , .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798 , .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798:hover , .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798:visited , .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798:active { border:0!important; } .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798:active , .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798 .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1706f0457d2bb5dfb5b88bd7361bb798:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hate Crimes EssayLast updated: 08-Feb-2014 12:20 At 1Q2014 monetary values ( based on a Tender Price Index of 238 ) and UK mean location ( Location index 100 ) . Top of Form Top of Form See below for list of consequences filtered Bottom of Form Building map( Maximal age of undertakings ) ?/m? gross internal floor country Sample Mean Lowest Lower quartiles Median Upper quartiles Highest New physique Assorted commercial developments ( 25 ) 1,320 738 1,475 1,594 4 Rehabilitation/Conversion Assorted commercial developments ( 25 ) 1,072 416 1,728 2 ( Beginning: BCIS 2014a ) Mentions BBC ( 2013 ) ‘Battersea Power Station Restoration to get down in October ,BBC , 30 May. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-22715644 . BCIS 2014 Duration reckoner hypertext transfer protocol: //service.bcis.co.uk/BCISOnline/Duration ( BCIS 2014a )Average monetary valuehypertext transfer protocol: //service.bcis.co.uk/BCISOnline/AveragePrices Building ( 2014 ) Cost theoretical account: office renovation CEM ( 2013 )Chapter 3: The existent estate development procedure, Paper P10218 V10, Reading: CEM. CEM ( 2013a )Strategic Sustainable Development: Assignment 1, Paper A10018 V2-0, Reading: CEM. CIOB ( 2011 ) Constructing under renovation and retrofit English-Heritage ( 2014 ) , Conservation Areas hypertext transfer protocol: //www.english-heritage.org.uk/caring/listing/local/conservation-areas/ GVA ( 2010 )UK offices: renovation vs. renovation . Available at: Plimmer F, Pottinger G, Harris S, Waters M A ; Pocock Y ( 2008 )New physique and renovation in the sustainable community program, Paper IP2/08, Reading CEM. The-Guardian ( 2013 ) ‘Battersea Power Station developer sold more than 800 flats for ?675m’The Guardian , 20 May. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.theguardian.com/business/2013/may/20/battersea-power-station-developer-sells-flats .